May be the world’s oldest one, dating to the 13th
century BC. It was found in a worker’s hut in the valley of the kings in Luxor
city. It could have served to regulate the worker’s working time or to further
visualize the phenomenon of the nightly progression of the sun god through the
netherworld divided into 12 hours. it is made of a flattened piece of limestone
with a black semicircle divided into 12 sections drawn on top. Small dots in
the middle of each of the 12 sections are likely to give more precise times. A
dent in the center marks where a metal bolt was inserted to cast a shadow and
reveal the time of day. As the sun moves across the sky, the elevated crossbar
casts a moving shadow over the marks.
They used cubits, palms, and digits to measure
length. A cubit is the length from your elbow to the tips of your fingers. A
palm is the width of your hand. A digit is the width of your finger.
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